John hanlon



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(No Model.)

J. HANLON.

APPARATUS lPOR. MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING AND HEATING GAS. No. 367,619. Patented Aug. 2, 1887.

19ans/mr j@ /ww (No Model.) s sheets-sheet 2.

J. HANLON.

APPARATUS POR MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING AND HEATING GAS- No. 367,619. PaLented Aug. 2, 1887.

l (No Model.) 3 sheets-sheen 3.

JQHANLON.

APPARATUS POR MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING AND HEATING GAS. No. 367,619. Patented Aug. 2, 1887.

UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HANLON, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ILLUMINATING AND HEATING GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part; of Letters Patent No. 367,619,dated August 2, 1887.

Application filed September 2i, 1886. Serial No. 214,449. (No modell To all whom it 11mg/ concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN HANLON, a citizen of the United Statcs,residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State oi' New York, haveinvented certainnew and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Manufacturing Illuminating and Heating Gas; and I do hereby declarethe following to be afull, clear,

and exact description of the invention, such as io will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to apparatus for 1n anufacturing illuminating and heating gas wherein steam is decomposed and converted into hydrogen and carbonic oxide by passing it in Acontact with incandescent fuel in a furnace,

hydrocarbon 'oil vaporized in a separate heated chamber and mixed with such gases for suitably enriching them, and the enriched or carzo bureted gases finally combined and converted into a homogeneous xed gas in a separate heated fixingchamber.

The object of the invention is to provide a simplyconstructed and more conveniently 2 5 operated apparatus than thosein use, and particularly adapted for small works, though suited for works of large dimensions.

Another obj ect is to provide improved means for vaporizing hydrocarbon oil and mixing the 3o resulting vapor with hot water-gas in a separate heated chamber connected with the top and bottom of the generator, and also at its bottom with the combining and Iixing chamber.

Another object is to provide for readily removing and replacing the brick checker-Work in the combining and xing chamber, and for conveniently cleaning such chamber; and a further object is to provide for conveniently.

4o blasting the fuel from below upward and conducting the hot products into and heating the carbureting and fixing chambers, and then decomposing steam by passing it down through the incandescent fuel and passing the resulting hot gases from the base of the generator into the carbureting-chamber, so as to meet the falling stream of hydrocarbon oil and vaporize it and carry the vapors into the combining and fixing chamber, Ywhere conversion 5o into a fixed gas is effected.

The matter constitutingmy invention hereln will be defined in the claims.

I will now more particularly describe my invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, in wl1ich- Figure l represents a vertical longitudinal section Ofniy improved apparatus. Fig. 2 represents a vertical transverse section ofthe carbureting and mixing chamber on the line y y, Figs. l and 3, and as seen looking toward the generator in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a horizontal section through the base ofthe carbureting and iixiug chambers on line frm, Fig. l. Fig. 4 represents a vertical transverse section ofthe combining and fixing chamber on the line e e', Fig. 1. Fig. 5 represents a top plan view of the apparatus.

The generator Ais built up of brick inelosed in a tight iron jacket, as usual, and is provided with grate a at bottom, ash-pit B, ash and clinker opening lg, having a tight lid or door, b', and blast-pipe V, having valve t, as shown in Fig. 5. An iron plate, A', is bolted to thesurrounding jacket at top ofthe furnace, and is provided with au opening for the neck or mouth-piece c', which is bolted to suchplate. The mouth-piece c' forms the charging opening or passage, and is closed by a lid,- b, which, together with its bar e', are pivotally secured to post i', vso as to be swung thereon, the bar being held in place by a nut on the post and being secured at its swinging end by a latch, e. The lid is forced to its seat by screw e, which may be attached to the lid by a loose joint. By this construction the lid, bar, and screw can be readily swung to one side or quickly closed when desired. A steam supply-pipe, a, having valve r, connects with mouth-piece c. The oil vaporizing and mixing chamber C and the combining and fixing chamber D are built of brick 'in separate iron shells and mounted upon a connecting base-chamber, H. Chamber C is divided by a vertical iire-clay partition, c, and, in case of a large chamber a number of such division plates may be used for giving a greater heatingsurface. As shown in Fig. 3, the inlet-compartment L for gas is formed by tall partition c and by the short partition o', extending only the height of chamber H,while the outer wall of chamber C incloses the compertinent above. Chamber G is provided at the top with aneck, c', and a cap, X, having suitable operating devices. A hydrocarbon- IOO oil-supply pipe, I, having valve t, connects with neck e'. The combining and fixing chamber' D is provided at its base with a perforated arch, o, which serves to support the brick checker-work in thelower compartment, M, and a second perforated arch, o', supports the brick checker-work inthe upper compartment, M', of chamber D. In case of a large high chamber several additional arches may be used. Each compartment M M is pro-l vided with a large opening in one of its side walls, (see Fig. 4,) into which is fitted the fianged door-frame p, extending nearly the whole height and width of the compartment, and to this frame is hinged a door, m', Fig. 5, which may be secured to its seat by bolts or other clamping device. Inside ofthe door the frame is filled with removable brick, n, for retaining the heat and protecting theiron frame and door from injury by heat.

The supporting-arches separati ng the fi Xingchamber into compartments are advantageous, since the brick checker-work may thus be removed and replaced in section without having to disturb thc whole body inthe chamber, and as one portion of the brick-work oftenrequires repair while the rest needs no attention, the work can thus be performed much more quickly and at less expense than in these structures where the brick checker-v work is all laid up in one body. The large side doors and removable brick in the doorfrarnes are very advantageous in affording ready and convenient access for cleaning and repairing the brick checker-work. The arches forming compartments,together with thelarge side doors, are important features of my invention. `v

A short stack or neck, extends from the top of chamber D,and is provided with a closing-cap, X/, having connected operating` devices. The gas-takeoff pipe K leads from near the top of chamber D and connects with the seal and wash box E, from which pipe L leads to the condenser or purifier connecting with the holder-,or to a place of immediate use, particularly if intended for heating purposes. Pipe K dips down into the wateror other sealing-fluid iu box E, so as to prevent the return of gas by back-pressure.

An air blast-pipe, V', having valve t, connects with chamber H below chamber D, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, for supplying the necessary air to Vcause complete combustion of gaseous products when heating up the apparatus. One or more airsupply pipes V,having valves t also connect with chamber C,for a like purpose. formed in chamber H at the base of chamber C, to afford access for cleaning such chambers. The generator A is connected at the top by pipe F, having water-cooled valve f, with compartmentl of the carbureting-chamber C, and the generator is also connected at its bottom by pipe G, having water-cooled valve g, with the base of compartment k of chamber C. The water-cooled valves are provided with su r- Openings having closing-caps 7L are` rounding water-boxes and operating devices, as covered by former Letters Patent granted to me.

Having described the construction of my apparatus, its operation can now be readily understood as follows: A fire is first kindled in generator A and allowed to burn by open draft, and fuel is supplied till a sufficient body thereof is made incandescent, then the generator is closed tight, valve g is closed, and valvef and caps X X are left open. The airblast is now admitted by pipe V to the ashpit of generator A, and the gaseous products, containing combustiblccarbonic oxide and free carbon, are conducted into chamber C, where a new supply of air is admitted, if required, for heating such chamber; but usually little or no combustion will be required in this chamber, and its cap X may therefore be closed and the hot gaseous products passed directly through compartment Z into base-chamber I-I, where an air-blast is admitted by pipe V, causing combustion of such products which pass up and heat the brick checker-work in chamber D. As soon as chamber C is suitably heated, thc air-blast is shut off from it and the products simply passed through it to be burned beyond. A comparatively low temperature only is required in chamber C, since it is designed simply to gradually vaporize the hydrocarbon oil and permit the resulting vapors to mingle uniformly with the watergas when the latter is being made.

The body of fuel having been raised to the proper state of incandescence and the carbureting and xing chambers respectively heated to the desired temperature, the air-blasts are shut off, the valve g in gas-pipe G is opened, and valvef and caps XX are closed. Steam, superheated or otherwise, is now admitted by pipe a at top of the generator and passed down into the incandescent body of fuel, where it is decomposed into hydrogen and carbonic oxide or water-gas, and this gas is passed by pipe G into compartment 7c of chamber C, (see Fig. 2,) into which it rises. Hydrocarbon oil at the same time is admitted in a small stream by pipe I, and falling` in chamber C is caught by the rising current of hot gas and quickly vaporized. The mixed gas and vapor pass down compartment Z, through chamber II, and up into the combining and fixing chamber, where they are combined and converted into a homogeneous fixed gas suitable for illuminating or heating purposes, which is conducted by pipe K to seal-box E, and from thence to the condenser, purifiers, and holders', in the usual manner. A gas-take-off. pipe may also lead from compartment M ofY chamber D, and

the two pipes provided withvalves and used at different periods during a run for passing off the gas, if desired.

The gas-making operation is continued til the temperature is too much lowered, when the steam and oil are shut off and the apparatus is again heated as before and gas is again manufactured as just described.

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A steam-pipe may also be connected with for driving out gas before air is admitted, and for admitting steam to pass upward through the fuel for making gas, if desired. In this case valvegwould be closed and valvef opened during the generation of gas. It is preferable, however, to generate gas by passing steam down through the incandescent fuel, especially When the gas is to be carbureted in chamber C and converted into illuminating-gas.

Having described my invention,what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The generatingfurnace having an airblast pipe connecting with its bottom and a steam-supply pipe connecting with its top, in

`combination with the separate carburetingchamber, a valved pipe connecting the generator at top with the upper portion of the carbureting-chamber, and a valved pipe connecting the generator at bottom with the base ofthe carbureti n gchamber, whereby products vof-eombustion may be passed from the top of the generator into the upper portion of the carburetiiig-chamber for heating it and Watergas may be passed from the bottom `of the generator into the base of the earbureter to be enriched With oilvapor. v

2. The generating-furnace having an airblast pipe at its bottom and a steam-supply pipe connecting with its top, in combination with the carbureting-chamber having a vertical partition open at top, and valved pipes connecting the top and bottom of the generator, re-

spectively, with separate compartments on each side of such partition of the earbnretingchamber, for the purpose described.

3. The carbureting and mixing chamber having avertical partition open at top and ahydrocarbon-oil-supply pipe connecting with its top, in combination with the generating-furnace, a gas-supply pipe connecting the base of the latter with the base of the carbureting-chamber on one side of the partition, and a gas-outlet Hue leading from the opposite side of the par.- tition, for the purpose described.

4. The carbureting-chamber and the combining and lining chamber connected with each other at the base by chamber H, in combination with a gas-generating furnace connected With the carbureting-chamber by pipes at top and bottom, for the purpose described.

5. The generating-furnacehavingconnected air-blast and steam-supply pipes, in combina tion With the earbureting-chamber having a vertical partition open at the top, valved pipes connecting the top and bottoni of the generator, respectively, with separate compartments of the carburetingchamber, and the separate combining and fixing chamberconnecting with the base of the carbureting-chamber, for the purpose described. x

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN HANLON.

Vitnesses:

C. K. LEONARD, Guo. D. STINEBAUGH, 

